Love at the National Liver: Prevention of the three liver

is still withstand the "liver superpower" label, according to statistics, an average of every 12 people in China will have a liver disease, in the list of notifiable infectious diseases, the incidence of liver disease and the incidence rate has has been among the best. March 18 is the love of the liver at this year's theme is "Enhancing the body, love the liver."
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According to the cause, liver disease is divided into viral hepatitis, metabolic liver disease, alcohol induced liver disease, drug induced liver injury and autoimmune hepatitis. China is the most common liver disease caused by hepatitis virus infection, including alpha, beta, gamma, and E. If not timely diagnosis and treatment of liver disease will not only lead to liver failure, but also can lead to diabetes, pancreatitis, kidney failure and other diseases.
　　
Experts said that the prevention of hepatitis first understand the transmission of hepatitis, hepatitis A, hepatitis E is transmitted mainly through fecal-oral; hepatitis B, hepatitis C is transmitted mainly through three, namely: blood transmission, mother to child transmission, sexual transmission. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C is not spread through the digestive tract and respiratory tract, so casual contact such as shaking hands, hugging, working together, eating and so will not spread. Fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease and drug-induced liver disease prevention, lifestyle changes should be started from, such as better not to heavy drinking, scientific and reasonable under the guidance of a doctor prescribing medication.
　　
　　Quite a lot of fatty liver

Fatty liver is due to various causes excessive accumulation of fat in liver cells in the lesions. Fatty liver disease is a serious threat to the health of people and become the second largest after the viral liver disease, has been recognized as a common cause of cirrhosis hidden. The clinical manifestations of light are asymptomatic, severe illness fierce. In general, fatty liver disease is reversible, early diagnosis and prompt treatment usually return to normal. If left untreated, will develop into steatohepatitis, fatty liver and fatty cirrhosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of fatty liver to stop the progress and improve the prognosis is very important. How the early detection of fatty liver which has become the focus of our concern. The lack of specific fatty liver clinical and laboratory indexes, the past must be based on liver biopsy examination were diagnosed in recent years with the development of imaging techniques, particularly CT, MRI and ultrasound imaging in a wide range of clinical applications, not then by liver biopsy is able to obtain more accurate clinical diagnosis. And there are invasive liver biopsy, are mainly B-and CT diagnosis of fatty liver. Has been confirmed not only by screening imaging studies of fatty liver, and can confirm the diagnosis. B ultrasound diagnosis of fatty liver in view of economic, rapid, non-invasive, etc., therefore, periodic liver and fatty liver at high risk for early detection of B-ultrasound is the best way to fatty liver.
　　
The so-called high risk of fatty liver fatty liver disease is the presence of risk factors, more likely than the general population group of fatty liver. High risk of fatty liver include obesity, especially visceral adipose obese patients; diabetes, especially in adult patients with type non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; long-term heavy drinkers; hyperlipidemia, especially those with blood triglyceride l the higher; long-term use drugs damage the liver; as well as obesity, family history of diabetes and fatty liver individuals. In short, there are risk factors for fatty liver disease who have a sense of self-care, regular (1 or 2 times per year) for extra fine B liver imaging to early detection of fatty liver. Non-high risk groups should also be regular medical examinations. If it is found fatty liver Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Nanjing in time to treatment, the doctors under the guidance of diet, exercise and drugs combined therapy, early return to health.
　　
　　First calculate the amount of alcohol
　　
After the wine is now epidemiological survey found that the amount of security should be 40 grams of pure alcohol, women have to be halved. Conversely, men daily intake amount of more than 40 grams of alcohol for more than 5 consecutive years will become alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, so be sure to grasp the amount of alcohol.
　　
Drinking formula: alcohol converted into alcohol, the amount of times to drink alcohol. 50 degrees such as drinking liquor, male friends can not exceed 100 ml per day, a female friend to no more than 50 ml.
　　
　　Alcoholic fatty liver treatment
　　
Alcoholic liver, of course, is caused by alcohol, the first is to Ji Jiu. The second step, you can use some alcohol metabolism of drugs, promote the metabolism of alcohol in the body of medicine, including cell medicine, there can be some of the medicine for detoxification. At the same time to remind everyone to pay attention to diet quality, eating quality, high-vitamin food.
　　
　　Non-alcoholic fatty liver
　　
Often hypertension, diabetes, obesity, together with those who have the disease, treatment consists of three aspects:
　　
The first is to control these risk factors, the most important is weight control obesity, weight loss is the most important, the best way to lose weight is to exercise, such as a day of jogging, brisk walking, better way, aerobic exercise , after a certain amount of movement, make your heart beat faster, to reach 180, and then subtract your age, exercise is over rapid heartbeat, that is, you exercise results were better. Of course need to diet, if you eat a lot of weight or cut down, of course, some of you have diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other diseases, the most important thing is to control these risk factors.
　　
Second, the liver may be injured, and appropriate and reasonable liver with some packages of drugs, the appropriate use of one or two, but also beneficial.
　　
Thirdly, we would like to stress that you have suffered from fatty liver, liver to avoid aggravating factors. For example, many drugs, you have a fatty liver, your liver is more vulnerable to injuries, and prevent liver injury factors, including the probability of disease.
　　
　　Big three positive hepatitis B negative - Do not believe false advertising
　　
Clinical work that patients often encounter: some one to the clinic, said the first thing I found out because of hepatitis B, education and employment are in trouble, can not be negative by the treatment of hepatitis B; Some patients credulity some of the false media propaganda, to accept the so-called "negative" treatment, the results of a lot of money wasted, but also had normal liver function when decompensation occurs ... ...
　　 　　
False advertising for a variety of performance, there are traditional remedy, there is gene therapy, a biological missiles, a bogus military medical institutions, but also ineffective treatment contract refunds, numerous tricks. However, its common characteristics, are expanding effect, taken to deceive patients. We remember that, no matter the advertised treatment for what is the treatment mechanism of how the trick, if the effect of publicity is the "surface antigen negative", the "big three positive negative", "complete cure", then must be false advertising.
　　
　　Then, through treatment, can hepatitis B "negative" it? This should be talking about several aspects:
　　
A, hepatitis B virus negative it?
　　
Commonly referred to as "negative" refers to the surface antigen, e antigen and DNA in the negative. So, what is the meaning of these negative indicators? May reach it?
　　
1, the surface antigen of hepatitis B surface antigen negative means the elimination of the virus, which means to rid itself of hepatitis B virus problems. Negative hepatitis B surface antigen could it? If this was the specific circumstances. If it is acute hepatitis B virus infection in adults, 95% of the patients can rely on their own within six months of the immune elimination of the virus, and finally surface antigen negative and the emergence of surface antibody. Unfortunately, the majority of patients are chronic hepatitis B virus infection, the formation of the reason is because the majority of childhood infections, due to the immune system is not perfect, can not clear the virus cause chronic hepatitis. Surface antigen negative chronic infection the possibility is very small, only a year the possibility of natural negative 1%, even if the anti-viral treatment, the possibility of negative and only 3%.
　　
2, e antigen e antigen negative, and the emergence of e antibody, known as the e antigen in clinical serum conversion. Previously known as the e antigen positive, "HBeAg", e antibody known as the "three positive", e antigen seroconversion, that is, "HBeAg" to "Small three." Three positive and DNA negative, which means the cessation of viral replication, which is also called the non-active part of the patient to carry, are basically very stable condition, but there are still 20% -30% of patients due to the virus before the C Zone variation caused by viral replication again, DNA re-positive, hepatitis activity. E antigen in the natural annual rate of about 10% negative, through the anti-viral treatment, up to 40%.
　　
3, HBVDNA means hepatitis B virus DNA of hepatitis B virus nucleic acid. By anti-viral treatment, 80% of patients can HBVDNA to negative. HBVDNA negative, mean viral replication is suppressed, the condition is relatively stable, after the development of liver cancer, cirrhosis of the possibility of significantly reduced.
　　
Second, the hepatitis B treatment goal is the "big three positive negative" do?
　　
Since current treatment is not able to completely remove the virus, not able to do surface antigen negative, then why should we treat the anti-virus? The goal of treatment of hepatitis B what is it? United States, Europe, Asia Pacific and China, "Chronic hepatitis B treatment guidelines" have pointed out that hepatitis B treatment goal is to "maximize long-term suppression or elimination of hepatitis B virus, reduce inflammation and necrosis of liver cells and liver fibrosis, delay and prevent disease progression and reduce and prevention of hepatic decompensation, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and its complications, thereby improving the quality of life and extend survival time. " Can be understood, hepatitis B is divided into primary goal of treatment goals and the ultimate goal, the primary objective is to suppress the virus and reduce liver inflammation, the ultimate goal is to reduce and control of liver decompensation, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer occur.
　　
　　PMTCT care over Hepatitis B
　　
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in China, 30% to 50% through the formation of mother to child transmission, mother to child transmission, including prenatal intrauterine infection that is spread; intrapartum transmission: delivery of fetal swallowing maternal blood containing hepatitis B virus, viral contamination the amniotic fluid or vaginal secretions, etc. infections; postnatal transmission: for example through the mother's saliva, milk, sweat, urine dissemination. Despite 24 hours after birth injection of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine combined with active and passive immune therapy can block the most successful, but still about 10% of the infant immunization failed to become carriers of hepatitis B virus.
　　
Studies have confirmed that the body of the hepatitis B virus does newborn from the mother. Imperfect babies immune organ development, immune system is not sound, can not identify and remove the body of hepatitis B virus, through mother to child or parent child transmission of hepatitis B virus easily with its own liver cells DNA integration, integration of the gene occurs when multiple difficult to remove the virus. Most infants infected with hepatitis B is not immediately after the onset, but become asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B virus, most people are adult onset, eventually become cirrhosis, a higher proportion of liver cancer. Infants infected with hepatitis B virus, in the future of education, work, marriage, social activities are also vulnerable to discrimination, the child's physical and mental health will cause a tremendous impact.
　　
Some clinical hepatitis B infection has never been any pre-pregnancy treatment of pregnant women, not ignoring the blocking treatment before pregnancy is discrimination because of fear of being concealed condition. Therefore, the PMTCT treatment of hepatitis B hepatitis B must first face. Hepatitis B virus infection Birth plan if the husband and wife should seek the help of specialists to carry out consultation before birth. Specialist based on the specific circumstances of each patient to develop individualized treatment programs. If the higher HBVDNA pregnant women, pregnancy can take anti-viral treatment, antiviral drugs can effectively reduce the level of the mother HBVDNA body, the treatment of chronic hepatitis B play, due to intrauterine infection of hepatitis B to reduce mother to child transmission. In the pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum in the three periods in science and rational treatment can effectively increase the success rate of hepatitis B block. Prevention of hepatitis B is much easier than treatment, so fathers should pay attention to all prospective mothers to child transmission of hepatitis B block.
　　
　　"Fashion" infected with the hepatitis C
　　
Not long ago, Miss Liu Ning found himself working exceptionally thin baby, put baby to the hospital for examination, the baby actually had hepatitis C did not expect. Doctor recommended that she also be a check, a check that they have a chronic hepatitis C. Ms. Liu asked the doctor that no other history of exposure to blood, but to play before the marriage because the beauty of the pierced ears, estimated that she may be in the process of hepatitis C infection. According to Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Dong Li, MD, director of infection introduction of hepatitis C infection in infants born to mothers are at high risk of hepatitis C infection.
　　
Wang, 46, can not believe how his own time "fashion" is also infected with HCV. 3 years ago, he accompanied friends to the August military hospital to check for hepatitis B liver disease center, a doctor advised him to check the way HCV. The results scared the daylights out him: he somehow contracted hepatitis C, and hepatitis C virus infection has been for many years. After reminding him to think of it: more than 30 years of age, he kicked a fashionable, in the arm above a small scorpion. The doctor said, that tattoo is probably infected with hepatitis C virus. Unfortunately, because over the best treatment time, Wang has been found to cirrhosis.
　　
　　190,000 hepatitis C patients were "missed"
　　
Assistant Dean of Nanjing Second Hospital, Dr. Yang Yongfeng, director of liver disease introduction, hepatitis C treatment only 10%, meaning more than 190,000 Nanjing patients with hepatitis C was "missed."
　　
Dr. Yang Yongfeng, said the development of hepatitis C in liver cancer has long been neglected in the "invisible killer." In adults, hepatitis B hepatitis C more than harm, but compared to hepatitis B, hepatitis C awareness for the general public is far from adequate. Adults infected with hepatitis C up to 80% chance to chronic hepatitis, the proportion of HBV infections in less than 10%. Moreover, hepatitis C is more subtle symptoms than hepatitis B, the average person is difficult to self-aware in the early, most often in patients to the late development of the disease was found only missed the best timing of treatment, or even develop cirrhosis or liver cancer.
　　
　　However, there is no cure for hepatitis C vaccine
　　
"To come to our hospital patients, there are many who have had a small beauty parlor in small clinics or text eyebrow, tattoos, pierced ears bar, nail, dental treatment or repair experience of beard. As with the disinfection failed medical instruments, unknowingly infected with hepatitis C virus ", Bayi Hospital of People's Liberation Army Department of Infectious Diseases Director, Liver Research Institute of Nanjing Military Region, Wang Maorong chief physician, said," stay away from hepatitis C, early investigation and early treatment is the key. "hepatitis B can vaccination against hepatitis C is currently no vaccine; but standard treatment of hepatitis C can be cured, pegylated interferon and ribavirin is the most effective drug treatment programs, the gold standard for the treatment of hepatitis C, the current have been included in Nanjing, health care, adequate dose to use more than one year, hepatitis C, the cure rate can reach about seven to Bacheng.
　　
Wang Zhuren suggest that all had received blood transfusions, shared non-disposable syringes and had not been sterilized dental, endoscopy, invasive operation and acupuncture, etc., and hepatitis C through sharing razors, toothbrushes, there had unclean sexual history, intravenous drug use, or have had tattoos, text eyebrow, pierced ears and other skin and mucosal injury in the crowd were in high risk groups, should be carried to the hospital as soon as possible hepatitis C virus antibody detection. (Yangtze Evening News Bi Xiaohong)
　　
　　Do not let the B-liver disease Huyou
　　
Check items in hepatitis patients, B-report card often "diffuse liver disease", "cholecystitis," "congenital liver cyst or hemangioma" and other words occur in many patients is unknown what, very worried, causing panic. Experts advise, B-report sheet such as "diffuse liver disease," These words are the medical terms, not to suggest that the severity of the disease, patients with hepatitis do not have their "speculate", and the resulting fear will be worse.
　　
　　Remind one:
　　
　　Do not let the "diffuse liver disease" scare
　　
After checking the liver, B-report single common word is "diffuse liver disease," many patients are scared not light: the liver disease that are "diffuse", and certainly very sick!
　　
In fact, viral hepatitis, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, diffuse liver disease are all, as these lesions in the liver, the distribution is relatively uniform; and liver hemangioma, liver cyst, liver cancer is only a partial occupancy of the liver lesions. B-report of "diffuse liver disease", meaning that patients no longer tell the doctor the tumor, but did not expect to cause misunderstanding.
　　
At the same time, the report "diffuse liver disease" does not suggest the severity of illness. As long as there is liver disease consistent with the overall changes are shown as "diffuse liver disease", and even some older in the elderly, the liver within a little rough some point doing the B-reflection will be stronger in time, B-report showed "diffuse liver disease," many "of diffuse liver diseases" are actually normal liver function without treatment. Therefore, patients do not appear to be B-"diffuse liver disease" scare, liver disease is serious, depends on many indicators, including liver function and clinical can be determined.
　　
　　Reminder 2:
　　
　　Hepatitis is not associated with bacterial inflammation of cholecystitis
　　
The liver is sick, often spread to the gallbladder. Hepatitis in patients with gallbladder Shiyoubajiu not normal, but more severe liver disease, cystic changes in the more common, the more apparent. The enlargement of the gallbladder, wall thickening, rough these phenomena, B-report will say, "Cholecystitis." Experts say that patients with hepatitis B-clinical diagnosis of cholecystitis often asymptomatic, the performance of non-obstructive jaundice, white blood cells is not high, are non-specific viral cholecystitis, without too much worry.
　　
Cholecystitis in patients with hepatitis virus violation of the gallbladder is due to the virus antigen - antibody complex after the formation of calm in the gall bladder, hepatitis and other bile acid metabolites increased the damage on the role of the gallbladder wall caused aseptic cholecystitis disease and bile duct epithelial cells proliferation; cirrhosis of the liver and bile duct cells hypoproteinemia K + Na +-ATP activity decreased, causing wall congestion, edema, exudate, and increased concentration of bile in the gallbladder and other diseases caused by a variety of reasons. Once the liver disease improves, this kind of "cholecystitis" will be reduced.
　　
　　Reminder 3:
　　
　　Do not when the liver hemangioma liver cyst
　　
Ultrasound in patients with hepatitis B, a number of asymptomatic congenital liver cyst and hemangioma are becoming increasingly common, often caused panic. Hepatitis can cause liver cancer because often, so any hepatitis patients on the liver lesions are very sensitive. Most liver cysts are congenital, and a separate one, but there are several, and some renal cysts. Each B-ultrasound, because of the limitations of inspection equipment or the examiner's not the same degree of detail and found that the number of liver cysts much will change. Doctors stress that does not mean one less good, the bad does not mean one more.
　　
As for the liver hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma majority, is the most common benign tumor of the liver, can occur at any age. The development of hemangioma is very slow, small hemangioma can be no symptoms, the majority of B-through the physical examination findings. Generally small hepatic cyst and hemangioma had little effect on human health, only a large hemangioma of the liver cyst and it required surgery or interventional therapy.
　　
　　Reminder 4:
　　
　　Do not over-emphasis on the size of B-liver
　　
Hepatitis B-in to see the report, are very concerned about the size of the liver, some patients with liver every time the measurement recorded for comparison.
　　
But patients should know, different times, different doctors and different departments and measuring the direction of B-ultrasound probe, the measurement of liver size has an impact, a difference of 1 to 2 cm is very common, do not over-emphasis on hepatitis B Super prompt the liver size. In addition, liver size does not necessarily suggest the severity of illness. Swelling of the liver, inflammation of the liver shrinking sometimes better, but sometimes the opposite. Such as cirrhosis, the liver volume will be reduced.